[B]oys, either because Dad is not around at all, or is working all the time, have to define what it means to be male by defining it as ‘not female,’ and thus they look at the media to define it and they define themselves in opposition to what is female.
(Garcia, 2008)
Full quote:
Chodorow says that because most children are raised primarily by women, and that the adult you have the most contact with happens to be female, girls have an easy time deciding what it’s like to be a woman—they just look to Mom,” notes Twenge. “But boys, either because Dad is not around at all, or is working all the time, have to define what it means to be male by defining it as ‘not female,’ and thus they look at the media to define it and they define themselves in opposition to what is female.” And so, she explains, “that’s where some of the gender hierarchy comes from and, that’s also why boys like this stupid stuff, because they don’t have realistic picture of what it means to be a man.